1 in 10 individuals across the world is suffering from diabetes across the world. Type 2 diabetes treatment is largely based on the optimization of glycemia and prevention of complications. Glucose control is achieved through lifestyle changes, administration of oral hypoglycemic drugs and/or insulin injections, and self-care. Strict metabolic control and self-care ability can improve diabetes treatment outcomes and significantly reduce the risk of complications. Adherence to clinician advice and prescription is an important way of managing blood glucose levels. 

The proportion of individuals achieving the glycaemic targets is lesser than 50% as per American Diabetes Association statistics. Psychosocial factors have been related to medication adherence of patients with type 2 diabetes. A review of 36 studies has shown that anxiety, diabetes distress, older age, poor communication with physicians, stress, concerns about medicines, and cognitive impairment have a negative impact on self-care and medication adherence. On the other hand, self-efficacy, social and family support, and acceptance of illness have a beneficial effect on medication adherence. 

Reference: Swiatoniowska-Lonc N, Tanski W, Polanski J, et al. Psychosocial determinants of treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes-A review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021; 14: 2701-2715.